Title : Furin as a potential biomarker in SARS?CoV?2 infection in patients with Pre-existing cardiometabolic diseases.
Abstract:
Background: SARS-CoV-2 entry requires cleavage of the spike glycoprotein at the S1/S2 and the S2? cleavage sites to mediate membrane fusion. The furin cleavage site is an important determinant of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Through proteolytic cleavage of ADAM17, furin also indirectly promotes the ADAM17-dependent activation of tumor necrosis factor, an important proinflammatory cytokine involved in systemic inflammation.
Methods: PubMed databases were screened using the following search terms: ("furin") AND (“cardiovascular diseases”).
Results: Furin is one of the biomarkers of myocarditis, destroyed lung tissue, and fatal multi-organ failure, which may be responsible for the cytokine storm caused by excessive immunological activity in some patients. In coronary artery disease SARS-CoV-2positive patients, high furin plasma levels are a crucial biomarker for poor clinical prognosis. Also, the plasma levels of furin released from activated platelets are a pivotal prognostic biomarker for the progression of respiratory failure. A preexisting cardiovascular disease is linked to morbidity and mortality in patients with Covid-19, whereas Covid-19 itself can also provoke myocardial injury, arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, perimyocarditis, and venous thromboembolism. A study reported that humans with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity have higher levels of furin, which is associated with an increased risk of Covid-19 complications and mortality in such diseases. According to the investigation, furin is one of the valuable biomarkers to evaluate the severity of the disease, the degree of inflammation, and the effectiveness of treatment.
Conclusion: In summary, furin, IL-6, and presepsin are thought to play an important role in the exacerbation of SARS-CoV-2, and elevated serum furin levels in infected individuals are thought to predict poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, the present study suggests that furin can be used as a predictor biomarker of disease severity in patients with Covid-19, and inhibition of furin, may be one of the potential treatment options in combating SARS-CoV-2 infection and preventing inflammation.
Audience Takeaway:
- Myocardial fibrosis or scarring (resulting from the acute inflammatory response or viral infection) may also facilitate long-term disease. Therefore, it is recommended to prevent long-term inflammatory responses.
- During SARS-CoV-2 infection, myocardial injury and cardiovascular complications are more common. So, medical staff should pay attention to this point.
- This speech emphasizes that patients with COVID-19 should be monitored for cardiovascular events, especially patients with a past medical history of cardiovascular disease
- This presentation provides important educational information and identifies gaps in understanding the role of furin and cardiovascular disease.
- The necessity of cooperation between clinicians and Laboratory experts.
