Effective communication is critical in cardiology, where the stakes often involve life-altering decisions. This presentation explores the intersection of empathy and precision in communication, emphasizing the cardiologist’s role in fostering trust, understanding, and patie [....] » Read More
Human relaxin-2 (hRlx-2) is a hormone of pregnancy that has engendered a great deal of interest as a therapy for various cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, among them Acute Heart Failure and Systemic Scleroderma. Here, we propose and summarize data showing that Rlx-2 repre [....] » Read More
Introduction: The low grade chronic inflammation (LCGI) is response to the underlying disorders, injuries, antigen and is result of the failure to acute infection, viruses, tuberculosis, protozoa, fungal and foreign material. The risk factor of LCGI are smoking, obesity, hi [....] » Read More
Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension is a chronic progressive disease characterized by raised pulmonary vascular resistance ultimately leading to right sided heart failure. Amongst the current available options for treatment, Epoprostenol has been widely proven to improve sy [....] » Read More
Congenital heart disease (CHD) continues to pose significant challenges in paediatric cardiology, and Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) stands out as a condition in need of improved translational models. Traditional in vitro and animal-based systems provide valuable insights but often fa [....] » Read More
Background: Infective Endocarditis (IE) remains a complex and life-threatening condition with evolving epidemiology and diagnostic challenges. This study aims to characterise the presentation, management, and outcomes of IE in a non-surgical District General Hospital (DGH) settin [....] » Read More
Background: The leading symptom triggering the evaluation cascade in patients with suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is acute chest pain. An accurate clinical history, serial electrocardiograms (ECG) and high sensitivity Troponin assays are the cornerstones of prompt and ac [....] » Read More
Introduction: Left ventricular (LV) thrombus accounts for up to 10% of cardioembolic strokes. It is frequently observed in patients with a history of myocardial infarction, particularly those with anterior STEMI, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), non-ischemic car [....] » Read More
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) is widely used for secondary prevention following acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention. Gastrointestinal bleeding is a known complication of DAPT, typically due to peptic ulcer disease or gastritis. However, oesophageal h [....] » Read More
Objective: Literature on auditory disturbance and vasovagal syncope is sparse. Hence, our aim was to examine the auditory disturbances (ADS) during attacks of vasovagal syncope among healthy children and adolescents. Methods: In this retrospective observational hospital-based [....] » Read More
Introduction: Systemic Light-Chain (AL) amyloidosis, a rare protein misfolding disorder, causes organ dysfunction through amyloid fibril deposition, notably in the heart. Early diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific symptoms, requiring specialized tests like serum Free Light [....] » Read More
Introduction: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an indispensable non-invasive cardiac imaging modality that is widely utilised forming a crucial part of patients’ care pathway throughout clinical practice. The rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases has resulted [....] » Read More
Wearable activity trackers—encompassing devices such as Fitbit, Apple Watch, and Garmin—have emerged as accessible tools for real-time health monitoring through integrated sensors capable of measuring physical activity, heart rate, caloric expenditure, sleep patterns, [....] » Read More
Importance: There is a lack of effective and easy-to-use tools for assessing the risk of Aortic Aneurysm/Aortic Dissection (AA/AD) and related adverse events in community populations. The impact of the difference between cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimated Glomerular [....] » Read More
Background: Stroke is a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, where its rising incidence is driven by the epidemiological transition and the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Despite medical advancements, the comprehensive and specialized management of [....] » Read More
Background: Pericardial effusion, though commonly encountered in clinical cardiology, can stem from a multitude of causes—some of which are rare, aggressive, or easily missed. This series showcases three challenging cases from young patients presenting with tamponade physio [....] » Read More
Dengue fever, a tropical disease characterized by fever, haemorrhagic manifestations, and organ impairment, can have rare and fatal complications. We report a case of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), a rare but potentially fatal complication of Dengue fever. We repo [....] » Read More
Background: Echocardiography is a widely used diagnostic tool in Acute Medical Units (AMUs), but its inappropriate use can strain healthcare resources. The Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for echocardiography, developed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American [....] » Read More
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The primary prevention of CVD is dependent upon the ability to identify high-risk individuals long before the development of overt events. This highlights the need for accurate risk stratificatio [....] » Read More
Atherosclerosis has a long preclinical phase and the risk of cardiovascular events may be high in patients in the asymptomatic stage of the disease (subclinical atherosclerosis, SA). The presence of classical risk factors increases the likelihood of developing cardiovascular even [....] » Read More
The term post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS) has been used variably to describe cardiogenic shock from 0 to 48 hours after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. The incidence of PCCS is commonly reported to be 1% to 1.4% of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. PCCS [....] » Read More
Finerenone is a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) designed to manage heart failure, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes. Heart failure and CKD frequently co-exist, and the combination poses a particularly high cardi [....] » Read More
Background: Although low-dose aspirin (75–100 mg/d) effectively reduces atherothrombosis occurrence in individuals diagnosed with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) or in those with high-risk factors, it is significantly associated with increased bleeding. No evidence has been es [....] » Read More
Objectives: This review explores the diagnostic challenges of Vasospastic Angina (VSA) or Prinzmetal angina by summarizing current methods, limitations, and advancements that support timely and accurate diagnosis. Methods: A narrative review of peer-reviewed studies published [....] » Read More
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, is driven by high blood cholesterol levels and chronic inflammation. The disruption of the hepatic interaction between Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR) downr [....] » Read More
Introduction: Hypertensive urgency, defined as BP ≥180/120 mmHg without acute end-organ damage, is often mismanaged due to confusion with emergencies. This project assessed frontline staff knowledge to identify educational gaps and improve adherence to NICE and cardiovascular [....] » Read More
Background: Aortic dissection remains one of the most life?threatening cardiovascular emergencies, with a patent false lumen emerging as a critical determinant of long-term outcomes. Persisting false lumen patency has been associated with increased mortality, accelerated aortic e [....] » Read More
Background and Aims: Patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESRD) exhibit disturbances in protein and amino acid metabolism and elevated homocysteine levels. The latter has been implicated as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events in these patients. The aim [....] » Read More
A 28-year-old male presented with signs of heart failure. Evaluation revealed idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy (IRCM), a rare condition marked by diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. This report highlights the role of clinical features and non-invasive ima [....] » Read More
Background and Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the association of troponin and homocysteine levels with coronary artery disease and the cardiovascular risk in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Methods: 50 patients on HD > 6 months (mean duration 3 [....] » Read More
Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) closure is now a widely recognised alternative to surgical closure for suitable secundum ASDs. We report a serial case closure of a large ostium secundum ASD (OS-ASD) which measured 35 mm and 40 on Transesophageal Echo (TEE) and was closed [....] » Read More
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature, is the leading cause of myocardial infarction and stroke, and remains the foremost cause of death worldwide. While lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical interventions have reduced its burden in recent years, the g [....] » Read More
Objectives: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) has been suggested as a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease risk. However, the evidence remains limited for the effect on post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. This study [....] » Read More
Background: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect and the leading cause of infant mortality related to congenital anomalies worldwide. Despite the high burden of CHD in Afghanistan, epidemiological data from the country remain extremely limited. T [....] » Read More
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by the failure of pulmonary veins to connect normally to the left atrium. We report the case of a 22-year-old patient diagnosed with TAPVR, without any family history of the condition. [....] » Read More
Practicability and efficacy of open-irrigated transcatheter 1064nm Laser treatment of cardiovascular diseases including long-lasting persistent Atrial Fibrillation (l-lp AF) were investigated. Based on our experiences with HD-mapping by using catheters with ≤2.0 mm interelectr [....] » Read More
Aim of the study: The study is aimed to clear the cycle effect of fear or anxiety and calm or reassurance on electrocardiographic ST-segment depression in patients present with angina with possible coronary artery spasms. Background: Anxiety and fear have undoubted hazardous e [....] » Read More
Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most common valvular heart diseases, affecting approximately 2–3% of the general population and rising to around 10% in individuals over 75 years. Surgical mitral valve (MV) intervention can markedly improve outcomes in se [....] » Read More
Introduction: Mitral Valve Aneurysm (MVA) is a rare complication involving a discrete protrusion of the mitral leaflet towards left atrium with systolic expansion and diastolic collapse. Persistent MVA may result in perforation and rupture of aneurysm causing mitral regurgitation [....] » Read More
Introduccion: Diabetes is a major comorbidity for heart failure and is more common than myocardial infarction with an increased risk of more than 50% in cardiovascular disease. Recently, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) has been shown to be associated with the [....] » Read More
Chronic pain is associated with the leading cause of disability in the world, just as cardiovascular diseases represent the highest incidence of death in the world. Both pathologies generate a high demand for health services and represent a high global population risk. In previou [....] » Read More
Background: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare form of heart failure occurring in the last month of pregnancy or early postpartum. Though traditionally idiopathic, recent studies show genetic overlap with Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy (FDCM). Case 1: A 28-year-old wo [....] » Read More
The stiffening of arteries has been widely recognized as a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases and all cause mortality. Arterial stiffening has significant association with arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis development. In spite of the world-wide recognition, arterial [....] » Read More
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains as a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality worldwide. It encompasses Unstable Angina (UA), Non-St Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and lastly ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Recent clinical guidelines evolve which [....] » Read More
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as cognitive impairment (CI). The interplay between AF and CI is complex, involving various pathophysiological changes and numerous risk [....] » Read More
Background: Left ventricular systolic function is not well-characterized in patients with low high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) evaluated in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods: A stepped-wedge randomized trial conducted from July 2020 to March 2021, involved pa [....] » Read More
Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the leading global cause of death, with genetic variation playing a significant role in individual susceptibility and response to dietary interventions. Nutrigenomics, the study of how nutrients influence gene expression, offers a pr [....] » Read More
Introduction: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are growing in the United States and worldwide. Catheter ablation was successful in decreasing recurrence of AF by 48% and symptomatic AF by 51% compared with drug the [....] » Read More
Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess differences in dietary behavior and clinical risk factor outcomes and explore predictors of change among patients participating in traditional and Pritikin intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). Methods: This secondary analysi [....] » Read More
Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in young adults is uncommon and often driven by nontraditional risk factors, such as inherited thrombophilias and exogenous hormone use. This case report describes a 27-year-old Middle Eastern male who presented with acute inferior [....] » Read More
Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is often followed by functional limitations and emotional distress. Home-based physiotherapy and patient education are essential components of recovery. This case report aims to evaluate the effect of a structured home-based [....] » Read More
Background: Accurate prediction of cardiovascular risk is essential for timely prevention and intervention. While classical Machine Learning (ML) models such as XGBoost and Random Forest have shown promise, they often struggle with class imbalance and limited capacity to capture [....] » Read More
Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) occurring within one hour of vigorous activity in elderly individuals is an underrecognized event during sports and training sessions. A subset of these athletes engages in such activities as leisure pursuits rather than as part of regular endurance tra [....] » Read More
Re-entrant ventricular tachyarrhythmia can be life-threatening and require an initiating trigger and susceptible substrate. Their onset is unpredictable and has a higher probability when repolarization is delayed (long QTc, or myocyte action potential duration at 90% repolarizati [....] » Read More
Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established therapy for severe aortic stenosis, but acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a frequent and serious complication. Early identification of high-risk patients may enable targeted renal-protection strategies [....] » Read More
Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) affects more than 64 million people worldwide and has a significant effect on morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Sodium glucose co-transporter- 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are known to reduce cardiovascular deaths and hospitalizations due to HF [....] » Read More
This case describes a thirty-five year old male with past medical history of untreated hypertension for ten years was referred to the emergency department by his naturopathic primary doctor after an outpatient high sensitivity troponin test was found to be elevated in 130s. The p [....] » Read More
Background: Heart failure education is crucial for improving patient outcomes, yet barriers persist due to varying levels of health literacy. Patients with lower literacy often struggle with understanding complex medical concepts, impairing medication adherence and disease m [....] » Read More
Unilateral Agenesis of the Pulmonary Artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital disorder occurring in 1 in 200,000 individuals.1 the anomaly results from malformation of the sixth aortic arch of the affected side during embryogensis. 2 We are presenting a case of a 44 year old Caucasian [....] » Read More
Introduction: Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X- linked disorder caused by the mutation in α-galactosidase A gene. End-stage cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death among these patients. Heart transplant (HT) emerges as a viable therapeutic option when enzyme replacement [....] » Read More
Title : Preventing sports-related cardiac arrest: Coronary artery calcium scoring stratifies the benefit of low-dose aspirin use for risk reduction
Arthur J Siegel, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
While habitual endurance exercise such as training for a marathon is quintessentially cardioprotective, running such a race paradoxically confers a transiently increased risk for cardiac arrest and sudden death. The frequency of such events increased significantly in United State [....] » Read More
Title : Ex-situ organ perfusion and cardiac performance improvement
Y J H J Taverne, Erasmus University Medical Center, Netherlands
Cardiac transplantation remains the golden standard for patients with end-stage heart failure when therapeutic approaches and interventions fail to reverse HF progression. Traditionally, hearts are transplanted from brain-death (DBD) donors where the heart is beating at time of p [....] » Read More
Title : The past, present and future of AI in cardiology
Narendra Kumar, HeartbeatsZ Academy, United Kingdom
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming cardiovascular medicine by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment selection, and patient outcomes. Machine learning algorithms now analyse complex cardiac imaging with superhuman precision, detecting subtle patterns in echocardiogram [....] » Read More
Title : Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM) as a unique healthcare model through biodesign-driven and inspired biotech, translational applications and cardiology-related marketing to secure the human healthcare, wellness and biosafety
Sergey Suchkov, N. D. Zelinskii Institute for Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
A new systems approach to diseased states and wellness result in a new branch in the healthcare services, namely, Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM). To achieve the implementation of PPM concept, it is necessary to create a fundamentally new strategy based upon the recogni [....] » Read More
Title : VA ECMO as a bridge to OHT in the sickest of the sick cardiogenic shock patients
Peter Barrett, Piedmont Heart Institute, United States
To show the utility and benefit of VA-ECMO support in adults as a bridge to cardiac transplantation in the sickest of the sick cardiogenic shock patient population. VA-ECMO as bridge to LVAD or HT has significantly increased last 10-years. This approach has been controversial giv [....] » Read More
Title : Use of mitochondrial ROS inhibitor to protect coronary microvascular/endothelial function
Jun Feng, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, United States
Cardioplegic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with increased oxidative stress which contribute to coronary microvascular/endothelial dysfunction. Mitochondrial reactive oxidative species (mROS), a major source of R [....] » Read More
Title : Minimal invasive pediatric and adult congenital cardiac surgery
Y J H J Taverne, Erasmus University Medical Center, Netherlands
Full midline sternotomy remains the most common incision to correct congenital cardiac defects. Although many minimal invasive programs exist for the adult population worldwide, only a few centers have adopted such a program for the pediatric population. The rise of novel interve [....] » Read More
Title : Chinese herbal medicine effectively improves the composite outcome of repeat revascularization and in-stent restenosis in chronic coronary syndromes patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Xiaodi Ji, Fuwai Hospital, China
Background: Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) are gaining attention as complementary and alternative therapies for cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the efficacy and favorable population of CHM in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in p [....] » Read More
Title : New probabilistic diagnostic aid tool for cardiac dynamics
Leonardo Juan Ramirez Lopez, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Colombia
Background: Probability theory and dynamical systems theory have been applied to cardiac dynamics, leading to the development of new methodologies that differentiate patients with normal medical diagnoses from those with chronic and acute conditions. Materials: A total of 120 [....] » Read More
Title : Mitral TEER as a bridge-to-recovery: A life-changing alternative to transplantation in advanced heart failure
Anoosha Nair, Harefield Hospital, United Kingdom
Advanced Heart Failure (AHF) remains a major clinical challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality. While Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) has improved patient outcomes, those with secondary Ischaemic Mitral Regurgitation (IMR) continue to have a poor prognosis. Tim [....] » Read More
Title : Ultrasound guided axillary vein puncture versus cephalic vein cutdown as venous access approach for implantation of CIED (Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices)
Arva Zahid, University Hospitals Birmingham, United Kingdom
CIEDs are integral to managing cardiac conditions and different venous approaches have been used for their implantation. Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Vein Puncture (US-AVP) has emerged as new venous approach. This meta-analysis aims to systematically compare these approaches concer [....] » Read More
Title : The promising future of the unique translational tool to manage self-renewal of cardiac cells and to support regeneration in the post-infarction period
Sergey Suchkov, N. D. Zelinskii Institute for Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
The approaches securing cardiac regeneration in post-infarction period are not available to be practiced. The key problem is the identity of cells be born to generate functionally active cardiac myocytes replenishing those being lost during ischemia. With identification of reside [....] » Read More
Title : Atherogenic index of plasma as a risk stratification tool in patients with chronic coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Xiaodi Ji, Fuwai Hospital, China
Background: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a new indicator associated with abnormalities in lipid metabolism. This study aims to explore the relationship between AIP and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with chronic coronary syndromes ( [....] » Read More
Title : A rare dual cardiac anomaly: Quadricuspid aortic valve and wenckebach AV block
Lilia Lagha, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve (QAV) is an exceptionally rare congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by the presence of four cusps instead of the usual three, often leading to valvular dysfunction. Equally intriguing, Mobitz type I second-degree Atrio Ventricular (AV) block, or Wenc [....] » Read More
Title : Cardiovascular biomarkers as predictors of early cognitive decline in heart failure patients: A literature review
Meghana Obarsu, Anglia Ruskin University, United Kingdom
Background: Cognitive decline is a frequently under-recognised yet debilitating complication in patients with Heart Failure (HF), impacting quality of life, self-management, and long-term prognosis. Recent studies reveal a mechanistic overlap between cardiovascular dysfunction an [....] » Read More
Title : Increased left ventricular mass as a marker of left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive type 2 DM patients
Mohamed Mahmoud, Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Diabetes is one of the most important metabolic conditions causing Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction, one of which is Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH). Increased Left Ventricular Mass (LVM) and Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI) are significant predictors of LVH. Aim This study [....] » Read More
Title : Transient ST-elevation MI diagnosed by holter monitoring
Nabihah Hussaini, University Hospital Lewisham, United Kingdom
Presentation: A 54-year-old woman was referred with an 8-week history of pressure sensations over the chest and epigastrium unrelated to exertion. She presented to the Emergency Department 4 weeks prior but self-discharged against medical advice due to the long wait time. Diag [....] » Read More
Title : A novel role for microcephaly - Associated scaffold protein WDR62 in postnatal cardiac physiology
Slade du Randt, The University of Queensland, Australia
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide. The proliferative capability of the contractile cells of the heart (cardiomyocytes), decreases after birth and damage to mature cardiomyocytes result in fibrotic scar formation driven by cardiac fibroblasts and di [....] » Read More
Title : Changes on sleep quality after treatment of mandibular advance device for sleep apnea: 24-hour holter-based cardiopulmonary coupling analysis
Jin Oh Na, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea, Republic of
Background: The purpose of this study is to report the treatment effects of mandibular advance device (MAD) on patients with sleep apnea based on cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis. Method: Patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea were enrolled in a prospect [....] » Read More
Title : Assessing referral and participation in cardiac rehabilitation following coronary artery disease
Mohamed Mahmoud, Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Background: Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) is a well-established secondary prevention strategy that plays a pivotal role in improving cardiovascular outcomes for patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). It has been shown to reduce mortality, recurrent cardiac events, and hospita [....] » Read More
Title : Use of SGLT2-i in treatment of established Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in diabetic patients
Arva Zahid, University Hospitals Birmingham, United Kingdom
Introduction: To optimise patinet outcomes the National Institiute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has issues guidelines in Aug, 2022 recommending use of Sodium Glucose Co Transporter Inhibitor (SGLT-2i) in diabetic patients with established atherosclerotic coronary artery d [....] » Read More
Title : Pericardial decompression syndrome post pericardiocentesis in a case of miliary and disseminated tuberculosis in a young male presenting with cardiac temponade
Riya Hamid Mansuri, DY Patil University School of Medicine, India
Background: Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade encompass a clinical spectrum with diverse presentations. While significant pericardial effusions warrant clinical attention, emergent drainage is primarily indicated for patients exhibiting hemodynamic compromise. Cardiac ta [....] » Read More