Title : The prevalence, clinical aspect and risk factors of aortic stenosis among hemodialysis patients attending Hawari Nephrology Centre of Benghazi
Abstract:
Background:
Cardiac valve calcifications are common among end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Valves most commonly involved are mitral and secondarily aortic valves. In Libya, there is a lack of research in this field. Thus it is our motivation to conduct this study, which has significant impact on patients' health status.
Objectives:
To identify aortic valve calcifications in hemodialysis (HD) patients, prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) in hemodialysis patients, and to determine clinical aspect and risk factors that may lead to development aortic stenosis.
Methodology:
A cross-sectional study on adults' chronic HD patients; receiving hemodialysis for more than one year, between May and November 2023. Patients with previous cardiac surgery, history of endocarditis, or with severe anemia (Hb <7.5 mg/dL) are excluded, a convenient study sample of 48 patients has been enrolled in our study, patients have undergone clinical, biochemical and a trans-thoracic echocardiographic evaluation.
Results:
Patients age of 31-60 years ±13.2 SD. Aortic stenosis (AS) has a prevalence of 6.3 %, mitral regurgitation (MR) of 33.3% in chronic HD patients, and cardiac valves calcification is detected in 60.4% of chronic HD patients, with aortic valve calcification seen in 52.1%, mitral valve calcification is seen in 25%. Hypertension has the highest prevalence 91.7%, followed by diabetes mellitus 64.6 %, ADPKD 25 %. We find out that dyspnea is the most common symptom 66.7 % followed by palpitations 35.4 % and asymptomatic patients are 27.1 % . However Clinically detected AS was observed in three individuals (6.3%). Surprisingly, patients did not exhibit significant differences in age, duration of dialysis, or comorbidities. However, patients with hypocalcemia are 77.1%. patient with hyperphosphatemia are 56.25%. we find our study sample their hemoglobin level is 4.318 SD according to age , and Patients with aortic valve calcification were more often females 58.6%.
Conclusions:
Considering all this. Aortic stenosis isn’t the most affected valve in chronic hemodialysis patients on the other hand our study showed that the mitral valve is. However the calcification of the aortic valve where higher percentage and hyperphosphatemia was one of the main risk factor that enhanced the calcification of valves.
