Targets for the prevention of comorbidity of cardiovascular and oncological diseases

Title : Targets for the prevention of comorbidity of cardiovascular and oncological diseases

Abstract:

In the first decades of the 21st century, chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs) remain the leading cause of disability and death among adults in the developed world. Their total share in mortality is about 77%. Malignant oncological diseases, along with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) associated with atherosclerosis, are among the top three causes of death in the adult population. According to the forecast of WHO experts, in the next 5-10 years, CVD will account for 26.5% in the structure of mortality, and 8.5% for oncological diseases of various localization.

Traditional cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, malnutrition, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, high blood pressure, high blood glucose and high blood cholesterol) play an important role in the development of oncological diseases of various localization. According to the US National Registry, patients (n=1582) with breast, prostate, uterine, and colorectal cancers had multiple RFs, such as smoking, overweight, sedentary lifestyle, hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus.

The comorbidity of somatic diseases among cancer patients is an urgent problem, as it worsens the prognosis of survival and significantly affects the quality of life. At the time of diagnosis of cancer, patients have at least two or three additional chronic diseases. In our cross-sectional cohort study among patients with lung cancer and colon cancer, the most common disease was essential hypertension (AH). Among patients with cancer of both localizations, its frequency was comparable, 76% and 75.9%, respectively. Among patients with bowel cancer, CHD was detected in 32% of cases, and in the group with lung cancer in 34.5% of cases. The comorbidity of somatic diseases is also associated with the localization of the malignant tumor. Type 2 diabetes in the group of people with lung cancer was diagnosed in 13.8% of cases, while in the group of people with bowel cancer it occurred twice as often, in 26% of cases. In the group of people with lung cancer, stomach diseases were detected in almost every second patient (44.8%), among people with bowel cancer this figure reached 70% of cases (p=0.034). Concomitant COPD in patients with lung cancer was diagnosed in 62% of cases, and in the group of patients with bowel cancer it was 3.5 times less and amounted to 18% (p<0.001).

Thus, it is important to carry out primary prevention, in particular lifestyle changes, which can significantly reduce both the incidence and the risk of developing complications of comorbid conditions. Secondary prevention should not be limited to the fight against cardiotoxicity, a wide range of measures requires the development of international recommendations, taking into account the severity of diseases, age and prognosis of complications.

Biography:

Professor Mehman Mamedov graduated from the Moscow Medical Academy named after I.M. Sechenov in 1993. He continued his medical residency at the Central Clinical Hospital of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation. In 1997 Dr. Mamedov received his PhD degree in the National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation for research titled "Metabolic syndrome components in patients with arterial hypertension". In 2001 he wrote his doctoral thesis on "Clinical and biochemical features of metabolic syndrome and its pharmacological management". He has been working in the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine for 26 years, beginning as a researcher and eventually becoming the head of the scientific laboratory.

He is the author of 400 scientific works, 16 monographies in Russian, 4 monographies in English and 3 patents. Hirsch Index: RSCI — 36, Scopus — 6, Web of Science — 6. Under Dr. Mamedov’s supervision, 10 PhD and 1 doctoral thesis have been defended. Recently, Professor Mamedov M.N. has initiated 12 research projects, including some presented at the congresses of the American College of Cardiology, the European Society of Cardiology, the World Heart Federation, as well as at other international and national scientific events.

Professor Mamedov M.N. annually gives lectures in Russia and other countries. His research interests include: cardiometabolic disorders, lipid metabolism disorders, male health issues, cardiovascular risk assessment and correction, early markers of atherosclerosis, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus, risk factors and cardiovascular disease epidemiology, cardio-oncology, and comorbidities in internal medicine.

Dr. Mamedov is the editor-in-chef of the "International heart and vascular disease journal", member of the editorial board of the "Cardiology" and "Cardiovascular Prevention and Therapy" journals, head of the Department of Secondary Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, and President of the Cardioprogress Foundation.

Professor Mamedov M. was an executive secretary of the Russian National Congress of Cardiology for 6 years, organizing regional and national scientific conferences. He is one of the founders of the International Forum of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, which has been held annually at the Russian Academy of Sciences since 2012. He has letters of appreciation from the head of the Republic of Ingushetia, ministers of health of the Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Belarus, the Chechen Republic and the presidents of the Turkish Society of Cardiology, the Association of Internists of Kazakhstan and the National Health League. In 2019, he was awarded with V.D. Shervinsky medal by the President of the Russian Scientific Medical Society of Internal Medicine for his contribution to the development of medical science.