Title : Modifiable risk factors screening & guidelines for primordial & primary prevention for cardiovascular diseases
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands at the top of the list of causes of death worldwide. With the epidemiological transition in India, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, including CVDs, is on the rise. A quarter of the deaths occurring in India can be attributed to CVDs. CVD develops due to the accumulation of damage by an increase in the duration or number of risk factors in an individual. Identification and early interventions to reduce this damage are crucial for the prevention of CVDs. The study aims to discuss the role of assessment of the risk of developing CVDs in an individual for primary prevention of CVDs. Methods: Literature was reviewed for CVD risk assessment approach for primary prevention of CVDs. The tools available for assessment of the risk of development of CVDs in an individual were summarized and a comparison was drawn amongst the various tools available for different category groups. Results: CVD risk prediction approach facilitates the identification of high-risk individuals to target appropriate primary prevention interventions. Numerous risk prediction tools are available for different geographical regions, like – Framingham Risk Score, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation, American Heart Association (AHA) Atherosclerotic CVD risk estimator, and WHO risk prediction charts. WHO HEARTS package for management of CVDs in Primary Healthcare recommends the use of WHO Risk Prediction charts, with an advantageous option of non-laboratory based prediction charts for use at primary level with limited laboratory services. Objective color-coded prediction charts facilitate the identification of major drivers of increased risk in the individual, aid CVD riskbased management (start of statin therapy), and enhance risk perception of the individuals. Conclusion: CVD risk assessment tools are safe, easy to use, and fairly efficacious with no additional incurred cost. Assessment of the risk of developing CVDs in an individual enables the health system to prioritize interventions for primary prevention of CVDs in a resource-limited setting like India.
What will audience learn from the presentation?
The audience will be acquainted to use of risk prediction approach for primary prevention of CVDs.
They will be informed about the tools available for risk prediction and how to use them.
This would help in risk-based management of individuals for primary prevention of CVDs.
